9+ Read "Keily Crushing on My Bully" Online – Free PDF Download


9+ Read "Keily Crushing on My Bully" Online - Free PDF Download

The phrase identifies a specific search query related to accessing a fictional narrative. This narrative appears to center on a character named Keily experiencing romantic feelings for an individual who mistreats or intimidates her. The search includes the desire to access the story without cost, in a portable document format (PDF), and through online channels.

Such search terms highlight several facets of contemporary digital behavior. First, it reflects the pervasive interest in romance narratives, particularly those exploring unconventional or potentially problematic relationships. Second, it underscores the importance of free access to digital content for many users. Third, the inclusion of “PDF download” reveals a preference for offline reading and archiving of digital texts. Historically, the accessibility of fan fiction and amateur writing online has dramatically changed how stories are consumed and shared, offering wider distribution and enabling niche interests to find an audience.

This article will explore the potential reasons behind the popularity of stories featuring complex relationships like the one indicated in the query, the implications of seeking free access to copyrighted material, and the broader context of online reading habits and digital file formats.

1. Character Dynamics

Character dynamics within the context of the specified search query significantly influence the narrative’s appeal and potential reception. The core element of “Keily crushing on my bully” hinges on an inherently unbalanced power structure. The bully figure typically embodies traits of dominance, aggression, and a lack of empathy, while the character experiencing the crush often possesses qualities of vulnerability, resilience, or a desire for connection despite adverse treatment. This asymmetry creates inherent dramatic tension and provides a foundation for exploring themes of attraction, manipulation, and personal growth. The success of such a narrative often depends on the plausibility and complexity of the characters’ motivations, particularly regarding the reasons for Keily’s romantic interest. A poorly constructed dynamic can lead to reader disengagement or even offense if the relationship appears to normalize or romanticize abuse.

For example, in a well-executed story, Keily’s crush might stem from a misinterpretation of the bully’s actions, a desire to “fix” him, or even a subconscious attraction to power. The bully’s character development is equally crucial. If the bully demonstrates genuine remorse and undertakes sincere efforts to change their behavior, the narrative might explore themes of redemption and forgiveness. Conversely, if the bully remains consistently abusive, the story could serve as a cautionary tale about the dangers of romanticizing unhealthy relationships. The portrayal of supporting characters also plays a role; their reactions and advice can further illuminate the complexities of the central dynamic and offer different perspectives on the situation.

Understanding the interplay of character dynamics in narratives featuring such relationships is vital for authors and readers alike. A nuanced portrayal avoids perpetuating harmful stereotypes and allows for a more meaningful exploration of complex human emotions. The practical significance lies in its ability to foster critical thinking about relationships and challenge romanticized notions of abusive or unbalanced power structures. By focusing on believable motivations and consequences, stories within this genre can contribute to a greater understanding of interpersonal dynamics and promote healthier relationship expectations.

2. Romance Narrative

The search term “keily crushing on my bully read online free pdf download” inherently places the desired content within the broader category of romance narratives. The presence of a “crush” indicates the central theme revolves around romantic feelings, even if the object of affection is an antagonist. This positioning is not incidental. The allure of romance narratives often lies in the exploration of emotional complexities, the development of intimate relationships, and the potential for overcoming obstacles to achieve a desired union. The inclusion of a “bully” introduces a significant conflict, adding a layer of tension and ethical considerations to the core romantic dynamic. The narrative likely focuses on Keily’s internal struggles, her attempts to reconcile her feelings with the bully’s behavior, and the potential for the bully’s transformation or Keily’s ultimate rejection of an unhealthy attachment. For instance, a narrative may follow Keily as she initially idealizes the bully, gradually recognizing the harm caused by his actions and eventually choosing self-respect over romantic fantasy. The popularity of similar narratives suggests a reader interest in exploring unconventional or challenging relationships through the lens of romantic expectations. This highlights the crucial element of tension and unresolved conflicts that engage the reader in a romance narrative.

The “romance narrative” component dictates the structure and tone of the story. While the bully archetype introduces conflict, the narrative arc will typically involve elements of emotional vulnerability, relationship development, and either a resolution of the romantic tension or a rejection of the relationship in favor of personal growth. Real-life examples are present in young adult literature and online fiction platforms, where stories explore the complexities of attraction to individuals who exhibit negative or harmful behaviors. This narrative element drives the progression of “keily crushing on my bully,” directing readers towards themes of psychological tension, character development, and transformative choices that align with conventional romantic storytelling. For example, a romance narrative may see the bully slowly redeem himself to warrant Keily’s feelings.

Understanding the romance narrative framework is essential for both creators and consumers of content aligned with the search query. For authors, it provides a structure for crafting a compelling storyline that explores the interplay between attraction, conflict, and ethical considerations. For readers, it provides a framework for interpreting the narrative’s themes and engaging critically with the portrayal of potentially problematic relationship dynamics. The practical significance lies in its ability to understand the potential harm and benefits that can arise from portraying and consuming such relationships in a romantic context. The challenges include accurately depicting the complexities of such dynamics without glorifying harmful behaviors, and the success of the romance narrative is determined by addressing these challenges with thoughtful attention to emotional realism and psychological consequence.

3. Bully Trope

The “bully trope” constitutes a significant component of the fictional scenario referenced by the search query. The presence of a bully inherently establishes a power dynamic characterized by intimidation, aggression, and the potential for emotional or physical harm. This trope serves as a catalyst for conflict within the narrative, influencing character interactions and shaping the overall plot trajectory. The character of the bully can range from a stereotypical antagonist to a more nuanced individual with underlying vulnerabilities or motivations. However, the core function remains consistent: to present an obstacle or source of adversity that the protagonist, Keily, must confront. For instance, the bully might engage in acts of verbal abuse, social exclusion, or physical intimidation, creating a hostile environment that challenges Keily’s resilience and forces her to navigate complex emotional terrain. The importance of the bully trope lies in its capacity to generate tension, drive character development, and explore themes of power, vulnerability, and attraction in challenging circumstances. Real-life examples of the bully trope can be found extensively in young adult literature, where such characters often embody societal anxieties and anxieties around social dynamics.

Further examination of the bully trope reveals its dual nature as both a plot device and a source of potential controversy. While it can effectively create conflict and drive narrative momentum, its portrayal must be handled with sensitivity to avoid perpetuating harmful stereotypes or romanticizing abusive behavior. A superficial or insensitive depiction of bullying can trivialize the real-world impact of such actions, potentially desensitizing readers to the seriousness of the issue. A more nuanced approach involves exploring the underlying causes of the bully’s behavior, providing insight into their own vulnerabilities and motivations. For example, the bully might be revealed to be a victim of abuse themselves, or they might be driven by feelings of insecurity or social pressure. Such portrayals allow for a more complex exploration of the human condition and provide opportunities for empathy and understanding. In cases of the bully changing their behavior and starting a relationship with their victim, they should only be seen as a couple if the bullying was addressed and resolved. This would require some effort from both individuals, with the former bully taking responsibility and the former victim holding them accountable for their actions.

In conclusion, the bully trope represents a pivotal element in understanding the nature and appeal of narratives centered around the search query. Its significance lies in its ability to generate conflict, drive character development, and explore complex themes related to power dynamics and interpersonal relationships. The challenge lies in its responsible and nuanced portrayal, avoiding harmful stereotypes and promoting a deeper understanding of the complexities of bullying and its impact. This understanding is crucial for both creators and consumers of such content, ensuring that the narrative serves as a catalyst for reflection and empathy rather than a perpetuation of harmful attitudes and behaviors.

4. Online Accessibility

Online accessibility significantly shapes the dissemination and consumption of narratives like the one implied in the search query “keily crushing on my bully read online free pdf download.” The ease with which digital content can be accessed directly impacts its reach, audience engagement, and potential for cultural influence.

  • Digital Distribution Platforms

    Online platforms, including fan fiction websites, digital libraries, and social media channels, serve as primary avenues for content distribution. These platforms provide a means for authors to share their work with a global audience, bypassing traditional publishing gatekeepers. In the context of “keily crushing on my bully,” such platforms facilitate the availability of the narrative to readers who specifically seek out this type of content, regardless of geographical limitations. For example, platforms like Wattpad and Archive of Our Own host a vast array of user-generated fiction, contributing to the accessibility of diverse narratives, including those exploring potentially controversial themes.

  • Search Engine Optimization

    The visibility of content within search engine results directly influences its accessibility. Authors and distributors may employ search engine optimization (SEO) techniques to enhance the discoverability of their work. The use of specific keywords, such as those included in the initial search query, can increase the likelihood that the narrative will appear prominently in search results, thereby increasing its accessibility to interested readers. The effectiveness of SEO strategies highlights the importance of understanding user search behavior and optimizing content accordingly.

  • Format Compatibility

    The availability of content in multiple digital formats enhances its accessibility across various devices and platforms. The inclusion of “PDF download” in the search query indicates a preference for a format compatible with offline reading and archiving. Offering content in multiple formats, such as EPUB, MOBI, and PDF, expands its accessibility to users with diverse technological capabilities and reading preferences. This format compatibility ensures the narrative is available across a wide range of devices.

  • Cost Barriers

    The demand for “free” content, as indicated in the search query, underscores the significance of cost as a barrier to access. Many readers seek out free online resources as an alternative to purchasing commercially available books or subscriptions. The availability of the narrative for free, whether through legal channels or unauthorized distribution, directly impacts its accessibility to a wider audience, particularly those with limited financial resources. The ethical and legal implications of accessing copyrighted material without payment remain a complex issue within the context of digital distribution.

These facets of online accessibility collectively shape the landscape of content consumption and distribution, influencing the availability, discoverability, and affordability of narratives like “keily crushing on my bully.” The search query itself reflects the interplay between user demand, digital distribution mechanisms, and the pursuit of cost-effective access to specific types of content. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for both content creators and consumers in the digital age.

5. Free Content

The inclusion of “free” within the search query “keily crushing on my bully read online free pdf download” signifies a critical economic dimension to accessing digital narratives. This demand for no-cost access directly influences content distribution, author compensation, and the ethical considerations surrounding copyright. The desire for free content is not unique to this specific query but reflects a broader trend in digital consumption, where users often seek to minimize expenses through free streaming, downloading, or accessing open-source materials. The availability of this narrative, or similar works, without charge dramatically expands its potential audience. Without the financial barrier, individuals who might otherwise be unable or unwilling to pay for access can readily consume the story. Fan fiction platforms and online repositories frequently offer narratives without charge, relying on alternative funding models, such as donations or advertising, rather than direct sales. For instance, platforms such as Wattpad and Archive of Our Own host content freely accessible to users, fostering a community-driven approach to content creation and consumption.

The availability of “free content” also presents challenges to authors and copyright holders. While increased readership can be a benefit, the lack of direct financial compensation may disincentivize content creation or lead to copyright infringement. Many authors rely on royalties and sales to sustain their work, and widespread access to their content without compensation undermines this model. This creates a tension between the desire for broad accessibility and the need to protect intellectual property rights. Real-world examples of this conflict are abundant, with unauthorized file sharing and online piracy posing ongoing challenges to the publishing industry. The practical application of this understanding involves navigating the ethical and legal complexities of accessing and distributing copyrighted material. Consumers must be aware of the implications of downloading content without permission, while authors and distributors must explore innovative ways to monetize their work while maintaining accessibility to a wide audience. Another example is many authors offering some of their material for free in an attempt to build a following. This strategy is often implemented to generate awareness, stimulate interest, and encourage readers to then purchase their other works.

In summary, the demand for “free content” is a significant factor shaping the accessibility and distribution of narratives. While it expands readership and promotes a wider dissemination of stories, it also raises ethical and economic challenges related to copyright, author compensation, and the sustainability of content creation. The balance between free access and fair compensation remains a central issue in the evolving landscape of digital content consumption, requiring careful consideration from both consumers and creators. The quest for “free content,” in the context of the specific search query, is indicative of this complex interplay between access, value, and ethical considerations within the digital realm.

6. PDF Format

The inclusion of “PDF format” in the search query indicates a specific preference for how the user intends to access and consume the narrative. The Portable Document Format (PDF) offers distinct advantages, particularly for digitally distributed textual content. Its primary function is to preserve the visual integrity of a document, ensuring it appears consistently across various devices and operating systems. This consistency is crucial for maintaining the intended formatting of a narrative, including typography, layout, and embedded images, regardless of the reader’s chosen platform. The cause-and-effect relationship is clear: the desire for a consistent reading experience drives the preference for the PDF format. A real-life example would be a user reading a document across different devices: such as their desktop, laptop, and phone, and wanting to have the same formatting.

The significance of the PDF format within the context of “keily crushing on my bully read online free pdf download” extends beyond mere aesthetic preservation. It also facilitates offline accessibility. Downloading a PDF allows the user to read the narrative without a constant internet connection, providing greater flexibility and convenience. This offline accessibility is particularly relevant for users with limited or unreliable internet access. Furthermore, PDFs can be easily archived and stored for future reference, offering a degree of permanence and control over the digital content. The importance of this aspect lies in allowing access anywhere, anytime.

In summary, the request for “PDF format” within the search query highlights a user’s desire for a consistent, accessible, and preservable digital reading experience. This preference reflects a practical consideration for content consumption and management, underlining the enduring relevance of the PDF format in the realm of digital narratives. The challenge lies in ensuring the content is legally and ethically obtained, regardless of format, aligning with broader considerations of copyright and intellectual property rights.

7. Reader Preferences

Reader preferences are a crucial determinant in understanding the demand behind the search query “keily crushing on my bully read online free pdf download.” These preferences encompass a range of factors, including genre inclinations, thematic interests, and preferred modes of content consumption. Analyzing these elements provides insight into the potential motivations and expectations of individuals seeking this specific narrative.

  • Subgenre Inclination

    The query suggests a reader preference for romance narratives that incorporate elements of conflict and unconventional relationships. The presence of a “bully” as the object of affection indicates an interest in stories exploring power dynamics, problematic attraction, and potentially redemptive character arcs. Real-life examples of this subgenre include popular young adult novels that tackle themes of toxic relationships and the complexities of adolescent attraction. The implications for the narrative are that it must convincingly portray the motivations and emotional struggles of both characters, while also addressing the ethical considerations inherent in such a relationship.

  • Thematic Resonance

    The underlying themes of the narrative likely resonate with specific reader interests. These themes might include the exploration of vulnerability, the desire for acceptance, or the fascination with “fixing” broken individuals. The appeal of such themes may stem from personal experiences, psychological curiosity, or a desire for escapism. The implications for creators are that the narrative should explore these themes with sensitivity and avoid perpetuating harmful stereotypes or romanticizing abusive behavior.

  • Access Modality

    The inclusion of “read online free pdf download” reveals a preference for readily accessible and cost-effective content. This preference may be driven by budgetary constraints, a desire for instant gratification, or a preference for digital reading formats. The implications for distributors are that providing the narrative in a convenient and affordable format can significantly increase its reach and audience engagement. However, this must be balanced against ethical considerations regarding copyright and author compensation.

  • Trope Familiarity

    Readers searching for this specific type of narrative may be familiar with and drawn to the “bully romance” trope, which features in many contemporary stories. This familiarity can create an expectation for certain plot elements, character archetypes, and thematic resolutions. For example, there could be expectations of a character redemption arc. The implications are that the narrative should provide a fresh or unique take on the trope to avoid being perceived as derivative or predictable. This could involve subverting expectations or exploring the trope’s inherent complexities in a nuanced and thought-provoking manner.

In conclusion, understanding reader preferences is vital for both creators and distributors of narratives similar to “keily crushing on my bully read online free pdf download.” By analyzing genre inclinations, thematic resonance, access modalities, and trope familiarity, it becomes possible to cater to specific reader interests while also addressing the ethical and practical considerations surrounding content creation and consumption. A strong understanding of these aspects will lead to broader audience reach.

8. Emotional Appeal

Emotional appeal serves as a central driving force behind the interest in narratives such as the one implied by the search query “keily crushing on my bully read online free pdf download.” This appeal arises from the complex interplay of emotions evoked by the scenario, drawing readers into a narrative that explores themes of vulnerability, attraction, and potential transformation.

  • Vulnerability and Empathy

    The character of Keily, experiencing a “crush” on her “bully,” elicits a sense of vulnerability that can resonate deeply with readers. This vulnerability triggers empathy, prompting readers to connect with Keily’s emotional struggles and navigate the complexities of her attraction. Real-life examples include the widespread appeal of characters who overcome adversity or grapple with challenging circumstances. In the context of “keily crushing on my bully,” this emotional connection forms a foundation for reader engagement, fostering a desire to understand Keily’s motivations and witness her journey.

  • Tension and Conflict

    The inherently unbalanced dynamic between a “bully” and the object of their victim’s affection generates significant emotional tension and conflict. This tension stems from the reader’s awareness of the potential for harm and the ethical implications of romanticizing abusive behavior. Real-life examples of this phenomenon can be seen in the popularity of narratives that explore unconventional or controversial relationships. Within the framework of “keily crushing on my bully,” this tension serves as a narrative hook, drawing readers in with the promise of dramatic conflict and emotional catharsis.

  • Hope and Redemption

    The possibility of redemption, either for the bully or for Keily, offers a source of emotional hope that can be particularly appealing. Readers may be drawn to the narrative by the desire to witness a transformation, whether it involves the bully overcoming their negative behaviors or Keily finding the strength to reject an unhealthy attachment. Real-life examples of this appeal include narratives centered on second chances, forgiveness, and personal growth. In the context of “keily crushing on my bully,” this element of hope provides a counterpoint to the inherent negativity of the scenario, offering a glimmer of optimism and the potential for a positive resolution.

  • Exploration of Taboo

    The topic of attraction toward a bully can be seen as taboo. Readers are driven to explore unusual topics due to the unique dynamic created. This curiosity makes for many unique plots. In real-life relationships, most people wouldn’t go for someone who bullies them. However, in fiction, the scenario can become a gateway to creative and unique writing.

These elements of emotional appeal collectively contribute to the interest in narratives such as “keily crushing on my bully read online free pdf download.” By tapping into emotions of vulnerability, tension, and hope, such stories can captivate readers and prompt them to engage with complex and challenging themes. The challenge lies in responsibly portraying these themes, avoiding the glorification of harmful behavior and promoting a nuanced understanding of human relationships.

9. Ethical Consumption

The connection between ethical consumption and the search query “keily crushing on my bully read online free pdf download” centers on the legality and morality of accessing copyrighted material without compensating the author or copyright holder. The phrase implies a desire for a free PDF download, potentially circumventing established distribution channels that provide revenue to content creators. The cause-and-effect relationship is direct: the search for free content, if successful, diminishes potential income for the author, impacting their ability to produce further work. Ethical consumption, in this context, involves respecting intellectual property rights and supporting creators by obtaining content through legitimate means, such as purchasing the book or subscribing to a service that provides access. Its importance lies in sustaining a viable ecosystem for creative works, ensuring that authors are incentivized to continue producing content. Real-life examples include the impact of piracy on the music and film industries, where widespread unauthorized downloads have demonstrably reduced revenues for artists and production companies. The practical significance of this understanding lies in the need for consumers to be aware of the implications of their actions and to make informed choices that support ethical content consumption.

Further analysis reveals the complexity of the issue. While the desire for free content may stem from financial constraints or a perceived lack of value, it is essential to recognize that the creation and distribution of digital content incur costs. Authors invest time and effort in writing, editing, and marketing their work, while publishers incur expenses related to production, distribution, and legal protection. Accessing content without compensation deprives these stakeholders of their rightful income. Furthermore, the availability of unauthorized downloads can undermine the value of legitimate distribution channels, potentially leading to a decline in the overall quality and diversity of available content. The existence of online piracy is a global problem that affects industries from music to literature.

In conclusion, the search for “keily crushing on my bully read online free pdf download” touches upon the broader ethical dilemma of digital content consumption. While the convenience and accessibility of free online resources are appealing, it is crucial to consider the implications for authors and copyright holders. Ethical consumption necessitates making informed choices that support creators and respect intellectual property rights, fostering a sustainable and equitable ecosystem for creative works. The challenge lies in balancing the desire for free access with the need to compensate creators fairly, ensuring that quality content continues to be produced and distributed in a responsible manner.

Frequently Asked Questions

This section addresses common inquiries related to searching for content as described by the search term “keily crushing on my bully read online free pdf download.” The following questions explore legal, ethical, and practical considerations.

Question 1: Is it legal to download a PDF of a copyrighted book for free?

Downloading a PDF of a copyrighted book without permission from the copyright holder typically constitutes copyright infringement. Copyright law protects the rights of authors and publishers to control the distribution of their work. Unauthorized downloading is a violation of these rights and may result in legal consequences.

Question 2: What are the ethical implications of accessing content described by “keily crushing on my bully read online free pdf download” for free?

Accessing copyrighted content without paying deprives authors and publishers of income. It undermines the economic viability of content creation and may disincentivize the production of new works. Supporting creators through legitimate channels, such as purchasing books or subscribing to services, is an ethical practice.

Question 3: Where can one find legal and free sources to read similar content?

Legal avenues for accessing free reading material include public libraries, online archives of public domain works, and platforms that offer free samples or promotional content. Websites dedicated to fan fiction may also provide content that is legally shared by authors.

Question 4: What are the risks associated with downloading PDF files from unverified sources?

Downloading files from untrusted sources poses a risk of malware infection. PDF files can be carriers of viruses or other malicious software that may compromise device security. Always verify the source before downloading files.

Question 5: How do authors and publishers protect their copyrighted material online?

Authors and publishers employ various methods to protect their copyrighted material, including digital watermarks, encryption, and legal action against copyright infringement. These measures aim to deter unauthorized distribution and preserve the value of their intellectual property.

Question 6: What alternatives exist for accessing desired content legally if a free PDF is not available?

Alternatives include purchasing the ebook or physical book from authorized retailers, borrowing the book from a library, or subscribing to online reading platforms that offer access to a wide range of titles for a fee. These options support the creators of the content and ensure access through legitimate channels.

These answers underscore the significance of understanding copyright law, ethical consumption, and safe online practices when seeking digital content.

The next section transitions to explore potential conclusions related to the topic.

Navigating the Search

The following outlines strategies for finding and engaging with narratives, such as the one described by “keily crushing on my bully read online free pdf download,” in a manner that is both safe and ethical.

Tip 1: Verify Source Authenticity: Prior to downloading any file, scrutinize the website’s reputation and security measures. Look for indications of secure connections (HTTPS) and read user reviews to assess its trustworthiness. Exercise caution with sites offering content that seems too good to be true.

Tip 2: Understand Copyright Law: Familiarize yourself with the basics of copyright law to discern the legality of accessing and distributing digital content. Copyright protects authors’ rights, and unauthorized downloading infringes upon these rights, potentially leading to legal repercussions.

Tip 3: Utilize Library Resources: Public libraries offer a vast collection of e-books that can be borrowed for free. These libraries provide access to a wide range of titles through legitimate channels, supporting authors and publishers while providing cost-effective reading options.

Tip 4: Explore Legal Free Content Platforms: Numerous websites and platforms offer free e-books that are either in the public domain or have been made available for free by the authors. These platforms provide a safe and ethical alternative to seeking unauthorized downloads.

Tip 5: Support Content Creators: If you enjoy an author’s work, consider purchasing their books or supporting them through platforms like Patreon or Ko-fi. Direct support helps sustain their creative endeavors and ensures continued production of content.

Tip 6: Use Virus Scanners: Prior to opening any downloaded file, conduct a thorough virus scan using reputable antivirus software. This practice helps to mitigate the risk of malware infections and protect devices from potential harm.

Tip 7: Be Wary of Clickbait and Misleading Links: Exercise caution when encountering sensational headlines or deceptive links promising free access to copyrighted content. These links often lead to malicious websites or scams designed to steal personal information.

Adhering to these tips promotes responsible and ethical engagement with digital narratives, ensuring that access to content does not compromise legal principles or the livelihood of content creators.

The succeeding section will provide a summarization of the key takeaways from this exposition.

Conclusion

The exploration of “keily crushing on my bully read online free pdf download” reveals a complex interplay of reader desire, narrative themes, and ethical considerations. The search query encapsulates a demand for access to a specific type of story, characterized by unconventional relationships, vulnerability, and the potential for redemption. Furthermore, it underscores the significance of online accessibility, format preferences, and the pervasive pursuit of free content. The analysis highlights the importance of ethical consumption, urging responsible engagement with digital narratives that respects copyright and supports content creators. The appeal also touches on character dynamics, such as unique pairings that can be read in novels.

The intersection of these factors necessitates a nuanced understanding of the digital landscape and the choices individuals make within it. As technology continues to evolve, navigating the complexities of content creation, distribution, and consumption will require ongoing critical reflection and a commitment to ethical practices. The future of digital narratives hinges on fostering an ecosystem that balances accessibility with the protection of intellectual property rights, ensuring that authors and creators are fairly compensated for their work, and can continue to provide narratives for all types of audiences.