minecraft jujutsu kaisen mod download

9+ Best Minecraft Jujutsu Kaisen Mod Download Sites!

by

9+ Best Minecraft Jujutsu Kaisen Mod Download Sites!

The process of acquiring a modification for the popular sandbox game, Minecraft, which introduces elements from the Jujutsu Kaisen anime and manga series, is referred to as gaining access to a specific game file. This file, often compressed, contains textures, models, and code alterations designed to emulate aspects of the source material within the Minecraft environment. As an example, this might involve downloading a “.jar” file that, once installed in the appropriate Minecraft directory, adds Jujutsu Kaisen-themed characters, abilities, and environments to the game.

The appeal of integrating this type of content lies in the expansion of gameplay possibilities and the fusion of two distinct creative universes. Benefits include heightened user engagement, a more personalized gaming experience, and the opportunity for players to interact with familiar intellectual property in a novel context. Historically, modifications like this have been instrumental in extending the lifespan and community involvement associated with Minecraft, allowing for near-limitless customization.

The following sections will delve into the specifics of finding reputable sources for these files, the installation process, potential compatibility issues, and the legal and ethical considerations involved in using community-created content within a copyrighted game.

1. Reputable Download Sources

Securing modifications for Minecraft, particularly those themed around Jujutsu Kaisen, necessitates prioritizing credible download origins. The integrity of the game and the user’s system are directly contingent upon the trustworthiness of the source from which these files are obtained. Employing unofficial or unverified sources can expose systems to malware, corrupted files, and copyright infringements.

  • Official Mod Repositories

    Websites such as CurseForge and Modrinth operate as centralized hubs for Minecraft modifications. These platforms typically enforce submission guidelines and conduct scans for malicious code, offering a relatively secure environment for users to discover and retrieve content. Download files from these sources and it is recommended to avoid third party websites.

  • Developer Websites and Forums

    In some instances, mod developers maintain their own websites or post updates on established Minecraft forums. Downloading directly from these sources can provide access to the most recent versions and offer a direct line of communication with the creators. However, users should still exercise caution and verify the legitimacy of the website or forum before downloading.

  • Community Verification

    Before downloading from any source, review community feedback and ratings. Comments and reviews from other users can provide valuable insights into the safety and functionality of a modification. High ratings and positive feedback are generally indicative of a trustworthy source, while negative reviews or reports of issues should raise red flags.

  • File Scanning

    Even when downloading from seemingly reputable sources, it is prudent to scan the downloaded files with a reputable antivirus program prior to installation. This adds an additional layer of security and can help detect any malicious code that may have bypassed the initial screening processes of the hosting platform.

In conclusion, the selection of reputable download sources is paramount to a safe and enjoyable experience. By prioritizing established platforms, verifying developer credentials, examining community feedback, and conducting file scans, users can minimize the risks associated with incorporating third-party modifications into their Minecraft environment, particularly those themed around Jujutsu Kaisen.

2. Version Compatibility

The functional integration of a Jujutsu Kaisen-themed modification with Minecraft is fundamentally dependent on version compatibility. Discrepancies between the version of the modification and the Minecraft game client can result in instability, feature malfunctions, or complete failure of the modification to load. Understanding and addressing these compatibility issues is, therefore, a prerequisite for a successful user experience.

  • Minecraft Client Version

    The core Minecraft game undergoes frequent updates, each iteration potentially altering the game’s code base and API (Application Programming Interface). Modifications are typically developed for specific versions of Minecraft. A Jujutsu Kaisen modification designed for Minecraft 1.18, for instance, will likely exhibit errors or fail to function correctly when used with Minecraft 1.19 or 1.17. Users must ascertain the precise Minecraft version targeted by the modification and ensure their game client matches this requirement.

  • Mod Loader Compatibility

    Many modifications, including those themed around Jujutsu Kaisen, necessitate a mod loader such as Forge or Fabric. These loaders provide a standardized framework for integrating custom code into Minecraft. The modification must be compatible with the installed mod loader, and the mod loader itself must be compatible with the Minecraft version. Incompatibilities at this level can lead to startup crashes or runtime errors.

  • Dependency Requirements

    Certain modifications depend on other modifications to function correctly. These dependencies must also be installed and compatible with the Minecraft version and mod loader. Failure to satisfy these dependency requirements will typically result in error messages during game startup, preventing the Jujutsu Kaisen modification from loading.

  • Resource Pack Considerations

    Resource packs alter the textures, models, and sounds within Minecraft. While not strictly code modifications, resource packs created for older versions of Minecraft may not display correctly in newer versions, or vice versa. If a Jujutsu Kaisen-themed modification includes a resource pack, its compatibility with the target Minecraft version must also be verified.

The interdependencies outlined above illustrate the critical role of version compatibility in the successful implementation of a Jujutsu Kaisen-themed Minecraft modification. Diligence in verifying these compatibility factors is essential for mitigating potential issues and ensuring a stable, enjoyable gaming experience.

3. Installation Procedures

The successful integration of a Jujutsu Kaisen-themed modification following the acquisition of its download file necessitates adherence to specific installation procedures. These procedures are crucial for ensuring the modification functions as intended within the Minecraft environment and for mitigating potential issues arising from incorrect installation methods.

  • Mod Loader Installation

    Many modifications require a mod loader such as Forge or Fabric. The initial step involves installing the appropriate mod loader version compatible with the desired Minecraft version. This typically entails downloading the installer from the official Forge or Fabric website and executing it, selecting the correct Minecraft version during the installation process. The mod loader creates a new Minecraft profile that must be selected when launching the game.

  • Modification Placement

    Once the mod loader is installed, the downloaded Jujutsu Kaisen modification file (typically a .jar file) must be placed in the appropriate directory. This directory is generally located within the Minecraft installation folder and is named “mods”. Users must ensure that the .jar file is placed directly within the “mods” folder, not within any subfolders. This ensures the mod loader can recognize and load the modification during game startup.

  • Configuration and Dependencies

    Some modifications may require additional configuration or have dependencies on other modifications. Configuration files, if present, are usually located within the Minecraft installation folder or within the modification’s specific folder within the “mods” directory. Dependencies must be identified and installed alongside the main modification. Failure to address configuration requirements or install necessary dependencies can result in the modification not functioning correctly.

  • Game Launch and Verification

    After completing the preceding steps, launch Minecraft using the profile created by the mod loader. Upon successfully loading the game, verify that the Jujutsu Kaisen modification is active. This can often be confirmed through a dedicated mods menu within the game or by observing the presence of Jujutsu Kaisen-themed content within the gameplay environment. If the modification does not load or errors occur, review the installation steps, check for compatibility issues, and consult the modification’s documentation or community forums for troubleshooting assistance.

The proper execution of these installation procedures is paramount to harnessing the intended functionality of the acquired Minecraft Jujutsu Kaisen modification. Careful attention to these details minimizes the risk of errors and ensures a seamless integration process, enabling users to experience the enhanced gameplay envisioned by the modification’s creators.

4. Resource Requirements

The effective operation of a Minecraft modification, particularly one as extensive as a Jujutsu Kaisen-themed addition, is intrinsically linked to system resource availability. Such modifications frequently introduce new textures, models, animations, and complex game mechanics, all of which demand processing power, memory, and graphics capabilities. Insufficient system resources can manifest as reduced frame rates, stuttering, or even game crashes, directly impairing the user experience.

For example, the integration of high-resolution textures for Jujutsu Kaisen characters and environments will place increased demands on the graphics processing unit (GPU). Similarly, the implementation of complex cursed techniques or special abilities requires substantial central processing unit (CPU) power to calculate and execute. Insufficient random-access memory (RAM) will lead to the game frequently accessing the hard drive or solid-state drive, causing noticeable delays and performance bottlenecks. The practical significance of understanding these resource demands lies in the ability to proactively assess system capabilities and adjust graphical settings or, if necessary, upgrade hardware components to ensure a smooth and enjoyable gameplay experience.

Therefore, the correlation between resource demands and the functionality of a Minecraft Jujutsu Kaisen modification is a critical consideration. Proper assessment and management of system resources directly influence the stability and performance of the game. Addressing these requirements ensures the intended gaming experience is realized, free from technical limitations that can detract from the overall enjoyment of the modification.

5. Potential Security Risks

Acquiring modifications for Minecraft, specifically those related to the Jujutsu Kaisen theme, introduces potential security vulnerabilities. The execution of arbitrary code from untrusted sources can compromise system integrity. Malicious actors may embed malware, viruses, or keyloggers within seemingly innocuous modification files. These threats can then propagate, leading to data theft, system corruption, or unauthorized access to personal information. The connection arises because the modification process inherently involves downloading and running external software, creating an avenue for exploitation. For instance, a modified .jar file, appearing to add Jujutsu Kaisen content, might simultaneously install a background process that monitors keystrokes or exfiltrates sensitive data. The importance of recognizing these security risks lies in the potential for severe consequences should a compromised modification be installed.

The challenge in mitigating these risks stems from the decentralized nature of Minecraft modification distribution. While some platforms attempt to vet submissions, the review process is not always foolproof, and malicious code can sometimes evade detection. Furthermore, users often seek modifications from unofficial sources, driven by the desire for unique content or early access to updates. This behavior increases the likelihood of encountering compromised files. Effective mitigation strategies include employing reputable antivirus software, verifying file integrity through checksums (when available), and exercising extreme caution when downloading from unfamiliar or untrusted sources. Community feedback and reviews can also provide valuable insights into the safety of a particular modification.

In summary, the integration of Minecraft Jujutsu Kaisen modifications presents inherent security risks that demand careful consideration. The decentralized distribution model, coupled with the potential for embedded malware, necessitates a proactive approach to security. By prioritizing reputable download sources, employing robust antivirus measures, and heeding community feedback, users can significantly reduce the likelihood of compromising their systems. The broader theme emphasizes the importance of responsible digital practices in an environment where user-generated content and third-party software are prevalent.

6. Legal Considerations

The acquisition and implementation of modifications for Minecraft, particularly those thematically linked to existing intellectual property such as Jujutsu Kaisen, are subject to a complex web of legal considerations. These considerations span copyright law, licensing agreements, and terms of service, and their violation can result in legal repercussions for both the mod developer and the end user.

  • Copyright Infringement

    Jujutsu Kaisen is a copyrighted work, and the unauthorized reproduction or distribution of its characters, imagery, or storylines within a Minecraft modification constitutes copyright infringement. Developers of such modifications must ensure they have obtained the necessary licenses or permissions from the copyright holder to use the intellectual property. End users who download and use infringing modifications may also be liable for copyright infringement, particularly if they distribute the modification to others.

  • Minecraft’s End User License Agreement (EULA)

    Minecraft is governed by a EULA that outlines the terms and conditions of its use. The EULA typically prohibits the use of modifications that violate copyright law or infringe upon the rights of others. Furthermore, the EULA may restrict the use of modifications that alter the game’s core functionality in ways that are deemed detrimental to the overall gameplay experience or that create an unfair advantage. Violating the EULA can result in the suspension or termination of the user’s Minecraft account.

  • Distribution Rights and Permissions

    Even if a modification does not directly infringe upon copyright, the distribution of that modification may require permission from the original mod developers. Many modifications are released under open-source licenses that grant users the right to use, modify, and distribute the code, subject to certain conditions. However, other modifications may be released under more restrictive licenses that prohibit redistribution or commercial use. Users must carefully review the licensing terms before distributing or modifying a Minecraft Jujutsu Kaisen modification.

  • Fair Use and Transformative Works

    In some jurisdictions, the use of copyrighted material may be permitted under the doctrine of fair use or transformative works. These doctrines allow for the use of copyrighted material for purposes such as criticism, commentary, or parody, provided that the use is transformative and does not unduly harm the market for the original work. However, the application of these doctrines is highly fact-specific and may not apply to all Minecraft Jujutsu Kaisen modifications. The creation must significantly transform the source material to be considered fair use.

The legal landscape surrounding Minecraft Jujutsu Kaisen modifications is multifaceted and nuanced. Both developers and users must be aware of the potential legal risks involved and take steps to ensure compliance with copyright law, licensing agreements, and the Minecraft EULA. The absence of due diligence in these matters can result in legal action and the potential loss of access to the game. Prudence and a thorough understanding of relevant legal principles are therefore essential.

7. Mod Conflicts

The integration of a Jujutsu Kaisen-themed modification alongside other modifications within Minecraft presents the potential for conflicts. These conflicts arise from competing code, overlapping resources, or incompatible functionalities, and their resolution is essential for a stable and enjoyable gaming experience. The existence of conflicts impacts the viability and usability of acquired game enhancements.

  • ID Collisions

    Minecraft assigns unique numerical identifiers (IDs) to various items, blocks, and entities. If two or more modifications attempt to register the same ID, a collision occurs, preventing one or both modifications from loading correctly. For instance, the Jujutsu Kaisen modification might introduce a new cursed tool, assigning it a specific ID. If another modification independently uses the same ID for a different item, a conflict arises, potentially leading to game crashes or missing content. This underscores the importance of ID management tools and configuration files to resolve such collisions.

  • Code Overrides

    Modifications alter the base Minecraft code to introduce new features or modify existing ones. When multiple modifications attempt to override the same code segment, a conflict ensues, resulting in unpredictable behavior or errors. As an example, both the Jujutsu Kaisen modification and another modification could attempt to modify the player’s movement speed. The order in which these modifications load determines which override takes precedence, potentially breaking the intended functionality of one or both modifications. Careful load order management and compatibility patches are often required to address code override conflicts.

  • Resource Pack Incompatibilities

    Resource packs alter the visual appearance of Minecraft by replacing textures and models. If a Jujutsu Kaisen modification includes custom textures that conflict with textures from another resource pack, visual glitches or inconsistencies may occur. For instance, a resource pack designed for realism might clash with the stylized aesthetic of the Jujutsu Kaisen modification, creating a visually jarring experience. Prioritizing resource pack load order and creating compatibility patches can mitigate these issues.

  • Event Listener Clashes

    Minecraft uses an event system to trigger actions based on in-game events. Modifications can register event listeners to respond to specific events, such as player login or block placement. If two modifications register conflicting event listeners for the same event, unexpected behavior or errors can result. As an illustration, the Jujutsu Kaisen modification might register an event listener to trigger a cursed technique when the player attacks. If another modification also registers an event listener for the player attack event, a conflict may arise, causing one or both event listeners to fail or interact in unintended ways. Coordinating event listener priorities and using compatibility APIs can help resolve these clashes.

The potential for conflicts among modifications is a significant consideration when enhancing Minecraft with Jujutsu Kaisen-themed content. Addressing ID collisions, code overrides, resource pack incompatibilities, and event listener clashes is critical for ensuring a stable and enjoyable gaming experience. A thorough understanding of these conflict types and the available mitigation strategies is essential for successfully integrating diverse modifications within the Minecraft environment.

8. Gameplay Integration

The effective assimilation of Jujutsu Kaisen elements into the Minecraft environment following the access and installation process is paramount to achieving the intended gameplay experience. This integration encompasses various facets of the game, altering mechanics, aesthetics, and overall user interaction. The successful implementation of these elements hinges on the modification’s design and its seamless blending with Minecraft’s core functionalities.

  • Character Abilities and Combat Mechanics

    This facet involves the introduction of Jujutsu Kaisen-inspired character abilities, such as cursed techniques, and their integration into Minecraft’s combat system. For instance, a player might be able to perform a “Divergent Fist” attack, dealing area-of-effect damage. The success of this integration depends on balancing these new abilities with existing Minecraft weapons and combat strategies. A poorly balanced addition could render existing combat mechanics obsolete or create an unfair advantage. The effectiveness of this integration is judged by the degree to which it expands player combat options without disrupting established game balance.

  • World Generation and Environmental Elements

    The modification’s impact on world generation influences the presence of Jujutsu Kaisen-themed structures, biomes, or resources within the Minecraft landscape. Examples include the spawning of cursed spirits, the generation of Jujutsu Tech-inspired buildings, or the introduction of new ores needed to craft cursed tools. The integration here must be cohesive with Minecraft’s existing world generation algorithms, avoiding jarring transitions or resource scarcity. The objective is to blend the Jujutsu Kaisen universe into the Minecraft world in a way that feels both immersive and natural.

  • Item and Crafting Systems

    This aspect focuses on the incorporation of new items and crafting recipes that are central to the Jujutsu Kaisen lore. This includes cursed tools, talismans, and other items that enable players to harness cursed energy. The integration with Minecraft’s existing crafting system is crucial. New crafting recipes should be logical and consistent with Minecraft’s established crafting conventions. Furthermore, the acquisition of necessary resources should be appropriately challenging, requiring exploration and resource management, which aligns with the established gameplay loop.

  • Narrative and Quest Integration

    For modifications aiming for a deeper level of integration, narrative and quest elements based on the Jujutsu Kaisen storyline might be introduced. This could involve quests to defeat powerful cursed spirits, learn new techniques from Jujutsu Sorcerers, or uncover hidden secrets related to the Jujutsu world. These narrative elements must be seamlessly woven into Minecraft’s open-ended gameplay, providing optional but engaging content for players who seek a more structured experience. The implementation of such quests should complement, not supplant, Minecraft’s sandbox nature.

Ultimately, the integration of Jujutsu Kaisen elements into Minecraft serves to enhance the overall gameplay experience, offering players new avenues for exploration, combat, and creative expression. The success of this endeavor hinges on the mod’s ability to blend seamlessly with Minecraft’s core mechanics, balancing novelty with established gameplay conventions. The multifaceted nature of this integration underscores the complexity involved in creating a compelling and immersive crossover experience.

9. Community Support

Community support constitutes a critical element in the lifecycle of a “minecraft jujutsu kaisen mod download.” Its influence spans from initial discovery and troubleshooting to ongoing development and refinement of the modification, significantly impacting user experience and the overall viability of the project.

  • Troubleshooting and Problem Resolution

    Online forums, dedicated Discord servers, and comment sections serve as primary avenues for users to report issues and seek solutions related to the integration of Jujutsu Kaisen elements into Minecraft. Experienced community members and developers often provide guidance, troubleshooting steps, and workarounds for common problems, such as installation errors, compatibility conflicts, or in-game glitches. This collaborative problem-solving significantly reduces the barrier to entry for new users and ensures a smoother user experience.

  • Information Dissemination and Documentation

    Community-driven wikis, tutorial videos, and FAQ repositories accumulate and disseminate valuable information about the modification. These resources often include detailed installation guides, crafting recipes, ability descriptions, and explanations of complex game mechanics specific to the Jujutsu Kaisen integration. This collective knowledge base empowers users to fully understand and utilize the modification’s features, fostering deeper engagement and appreciation for the content.

  • Feedback and Feature Suggestions

    Community feedback plays a crucial role in shaping the future development of the Jujutsu Kaisen modification. User suggestions, bug reports, and critiques provide developers with valuable insights into player preferences and areas for improvement. This iterative feedback loop enables developers to refine the modification based on the community’s needs and desires, ensuring its continued relevance and appeal. The community’s input is a key driver of innovation and improvement.

  • Content Creation and Expansion

    Community members often contribute to the overall experience by creating supplementary content, such as custom resource packs, add-ons, or fan-made quests that complement the core Jujutsu Kaisen modification. This user-generated content expands the possibilities and extends the lifespan of the modification, offering players a diverse range of options and ensuring continuous engagement. The availability of community-created content enriches the overall ecosystem.

The multifaceted nature of community support underscores its indispensable role in the success of a “minecraft jujutsu kaisen mod download.” From providing technical assistance and documentation to driving development through feedback and supplementary content, the community serves as a vital resource for both users and developers, shaping the modification’s trajectory and ensuring its ongoing viability within the broader Minecraft ecosystem.

Frequently Asked Questions

The following addresses common inquiries pertaining to the acquisition and implementation of a Minecraft modification designed to incorporate elements from the Jujutsu Kaisen universe. The information provided seeks to clarify uncertainties and offer guidance on navigating potential challenges.

Question 1: Is obtaining this type of Minecraft modification a legally permissible activity?

The legality depends on the modification’s adherence to copyright laws and the Minecraft End User License Agreement (EULA). Modifications that infringe upon copyrighted material or violate the EULA may be subject to legal repercussions. It is incumbent upon the user to verify the legitimacy and licensing of the modification before download and use.

Question 2: What are the inherent risks associated with downloading files of this nature from unofficial sources?

Downloading from unofficial sources carries the risk of malware infection, corrupted files, and copyright violations. Unverified sources may harbor malicious code disguised as legitimate game content, potentially compromising system security and data integrity. It is advisable to obtain modifications exclusively from reputable repositories.

Question 3: What system specifications are generally necessary to run Minecraft with a Jujutsu Kaisen-themed modification effectively?

The precise system requirements depend on the complexity of the modification. However, modifications that introduce new models, textures, and gameplay mechanics typically demand a capable CPU, adequate RAM (8GB or more recommended), and a dedicated graphics card. Insufficient system resources can result in performance degradation.

Question 4: How does one ascertain the compatibility of a Jujutsu Kaisen modification with a specific version of Minecraft?

Compatibility information is typically provided by the modification developer within the download description or documentation. It is imperative to verify that the modification is designed for the installed Minecraft version. Incompatibility can lead to game crashes or functionality issues.

Question 5: What steps should be taken to mitigate potential conflicts between multiple Minecraft modifications?

Conflicts between modifications can arise from overlapping code or resource assignments. Employing a mod loader, such as Forge or Fabric, facilitates mod management and conflict resolution. Consulting online forums and community resources can provide insights into known incompatibilities and potential workarounds.

Question 6: What recourse is available if technical issues or bugs are encountered after installing the modification?

The primary recourse involves consulting the modification’s documentation or seeking assistance from the developer or community forums. Bug reports and detailed descriptions of encountered issues are crucial for facilitating problem resolution and contributing to the modification’s ongoing refinement.

In conclusion, the acquisition and use of Minecraft Jujutsu Kaisen modifications necessitate careful consideration of legal, security, and technical aspects. Diligence in addressing these concerns is essential for a positive and secure user experience.

The subsequent section will provide a compendium of external resources for further exploration and reference.

“Minecraft Jujutsu Kaisen Mod Download” Acquisition and Utilization Tips

The following represents a series of directives intended to optimize the acquisition and utilization of modifications integrating Jujutsu Kaisen elements within Minecraft. Adherence to these guidelines can mitigate potential risks and enhance the user experience.

Tip 1: Prioritize Reputable Sources: The provenance of the modification file is paramount. Emphasize download locations that are well-established and possess a demonstrable history of providing secure and legitimate content. Official mod repositories or verified developer websites are preferred.

Tip 2: Verify Version Compatibility: Ensure the modification is explicitly compatible with the installed Minecraft version. Mismatched versions frequently lead to instability and functional impairments. Consult the modification’s documentation for specific version requirements.

Tip 3: Conduct Pre-Installation Scans: Prior to deploying the modification, perform a thorough scan of the downloaded file using a reputable antivirus solution. This preemptive measure can identify and neutralize potential malware threats that may be embedded within the file.

Tip 4: Adhere to Installation Procedures: Strict adherence to the installation instructions provided by the modification developer is critical. Deviations from the recommended procedures can result in incomplete installation or system errors. Reference official documentation for detailed guidance.

Tip 5: Manage Mod Conflicts Proactively: Implement a mod management solution, such as a dedicated mod loader, to facilitate the identification and resolution of potential conflicts between multiple modifications. Mod conflicts can manifest as instability or functional impairments.

Tip 6: Monitor Resource Utilization: After installing the modification, monitor system resource utilization during gameplay. The integration of complex modifications can increase demands on processing power, memory, and graphics capabilities. Adjust graphical settings or upgrade hardware as necessary to maintain performance.

Tip 7: Engage with the Community: Utilize online forums, community wikis, and dedicated Discord servers to seek assistance with troubleshooting, share experiences, and contribute to the collective knowledge base. Community engagement can provide valuable insights and accelerate problem resolution.

Successful “minecraft jujutsu kaisen mod download” and integration relies on informed decision-making and meticulous execution. Prioritizing security, compatibility, and adherence to established procedures is essential for realizing the full potential of the modification.

The subsequent section will offer a curated compendium of external resources for additional exploration and reference material.

Conclusion

The preceding exploration of “minecraft jujutsu kaisen mod download” has elucidated the multifaceted considerations involved in acquiring and utilizing such modifications. Key aspects discussed include legal compliance, security protocols, version compatibility, installation procedures, and community support. The integration of third-party content into Minecraft necessitates a comprehensive understanding of these elements to ensure a stable, secure, and enjoyable gaming experience.

The continued evolution of Minecraft modifications, particularly those incorporating intellectual properties such as Jujutsu Kaisen, presents both opportunities and challenges. Responsible acquisition practices and a commitment to legal and ethical considerations are paramount. Continued vigilance regarding security risks and a proactive approach to community engagement will contribute to a sustainable and enriching experience for all stakeholders. The pursuit of enhanced gaming experiences should not compromise system security or infringe upon the rights of copyright holders.